2 Kings 15:8

Authorized King James Version

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In the thirty and eighth year of Azariah king of Judah did Zachariah the son of Jeroboam reign over Israel in Samaria six months.

Original Language Analysis

שָׁנָ֔ה year H8141
שָׁנָ֔ה year
Strong's: H8141
Word #: 1 of 16
a year (as a revolution of time)
שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים In the thirty H7970
שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים In the thirty
Strong's: H7970
Word #: 2 of 16
thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth
וּשְׁמֹנֶה֙ and eighth H8083
וּשְׁמֹנֶה֙ and eighth
Strong's: H8083
Word #: 3 of 16
a cardinal number, eight (as if a surplus above the 'perfect' seven); also (as ordinal) eighth
שָׁנָ֔ה year H8141
שָׁנָ֔ה year
Strong's: H8141
Word #: 4 of 16
a year (as a revolution of time)
לַֽעֲזַרְיָ֖הוּ of Azariah H5838
לַֽעֲזַרְיָ֖הוּ of Azariah
Strong's: H5838
Word #: 5 of 16
azarjah, the name of nineteen israelites
מֶ֣לֶךְ king H4428
מֶ֣לֶךְ king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 6 of 16
a king
יְהוּדָ֑ה of Judah H3063
יְהוּדָ֑ה of Judah
Strong's: H3063
Word #: 7 of 16
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
מָ֠לַךְ reign H4427
מָ֠לַךְ reign
Strong's: H4427
Word #: 8 of 16
to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel
זְכַרְיָ֨הוּ did Zachariah H2148
זְכַרְיָ֨הוּ did Zachariah
Strong's: H2148
Word #: 9 of 16
zecarjah, the name of twenty-nine israelites
בֶן the son H1121
בֶן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 10 of 16
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יָֽרָבְעָ֧ם of Jeroboam H3379
יָֽרָבְעָ֧ם of Jeroboam
Strong's: H3379
Word #: 11 of 16
jarobam, the name of two israelite kings
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 12 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל over Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל over Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 13 of 16
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
בְּשֹֽׁמְר֖וֹן in Samaria H8111
בְּשֹֽׁמְר֖וֹן in Samaria
Strong's: H8111
Word #: 14 of 16
shomeron, a place in palestine
שִׁשָּׁ֥ה six H8337
שִׁשָּׁ֥ה six
Strong's: H8337
Word #: 15 of 16
six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth
חֳדָשִֽׁים׃ months H2320
חֳדָשִֽׁים׃ months
Strong's: H2320
Word #: 16 of 16
the new moon; by implication, a month

Analysis & Commentary

In the thirty and eighth year of Azariah king of Judah did Zachariah the son of Jeroboam reign over Israel in Samaria six months.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 15: Political chaos reveals spiritual bankruptcy. The reference to kingship reminds readers that all human authority is subordinate to God's ultimate kingship. This passage occurs during the decline toward Israel's exile, demonstrating how persistent covenant unfaithfulness leads to national disaster.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 15 takes place during the declining years of the northern kingdom, 8th century BCE, culminating in exile in 722 BCE. The chapter's theme (Rapid Succession and Instability) reflects the historical reality of progressive political instability and external threats, particularly from Aram (Syria) and later Assyria. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

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